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Mymensingh
Mymensingh (; (ベンガル語:ময়মনসিংহ) (:mɔe̯mɔnʃiŋɦɔ)), formerly called Nasirabad,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/400417/Mymensingh )〕 is a city in Mymensingh District in central region of Bangladesh, situated on the Brahmaputra river. It is also the district headquarters. Mymensingh is the anglicized pronunciation of the original name ''Momenshahi'', referring to a ruler called Momen Shah.〔Iffat Ara, 'Mymensingh-er Etihash', ''Dwitiyo Chinta'', 1989, Mymensingh, Bangladesh〕 The cadet college established in Tangail in 1963 was called Momenshahi Cadet College.〔Mirzapur Cadet College〕 The city is known for educational institutions like Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Medical College, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh Engineering College, Mymensingh Ananda Mohan College, Mymensingh Zilla School, Mymensingh Girls' Cadet College, Mymensingh Muminunnesa Women's College, Vidyamoyee Govt. Girls' High School, Mymensingh Polytechnic Institute, Women Teachers Training College, Mymensingh Engineering College, Notre Dame College,Mymensingh and Shahid Syed Nazrul Islam College. Other landmark institutions include Mymensingh Army Cantonment. Also it is related with old Brahmaputra river, handcrafted duvet called ''Nokshikãtha'' ((ベンガル語:নকশীকাঁথা)) and a rural ballad called Maimansingha Gitika. Mymensingh city is located about north of Dhaka which is the capital of the country.
== History ==
(詳細はBritish East India Company on 1 May 1787.〔Jaffar Ahmed Chowdhury, ''Moymonsingha'', (Bengali), 2004/2006, p. 13, p. 30-31, Silicon Plaza, Apartment 5A, House 31A, Uttara, Dhaka, ISBN 984-32-1057-3〕 Being more than 220 years old, Mymensingh has a rich cultural and political history. At the beginning Begunbari was chosen as the headquarters of the district. However the district headquarters was relocated to Mymensingh when Begunbari devastated by flash flood. Earlier northern Mymensingh was part of Muazzamabad and south Mymensingh was called Nasirabad. During the British Raj most of the inhabitants of the town were Hindus.
From the early 20th century Muslims moved into town. Since then this city has played an important role as a center for secularism. The Vidyamoyee Uccha Balika Bidyalaya and Muminunnesa Women's College have played a great role in educating Bengali Muslim women. A majority of first-generation successful Bangladeshi women have attended these schools and colleges, including the first woman justice of the High Court of Bangladesh, Justice Nazmun Ara Sultana. However, many Hindu families left Bangladesh during the partition of India in 1947. A second spell of exodus took place following the Indo-Pak war of 1965. Many people born and raised Mymensingh have left for West Bengal since the 1960s. The exodus continues albeit at a slower pace.
The nine-month liberation war of Bangladesh started on 27 March 1971. Mymensingh remained free from the occupation army until 23 April 1971. Pakistani occupation forces deserted Mymensingh on 10 December, and Mukti Bahini took over on 11 December, just five days ahead of the victory of Dhaka on 16 December.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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